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Tennessee

The tornado came at 1 a.m.

The March 2020 Nashville tornado killed 25 people in their sleep. The 2021 Waverly flood killed 20 in a town that had never flooded like that. Tennessee's varied terrain creates a complex hazard profile where the next disaster may come from a direction no one expected.

Enter your Tennessee ZIP for live alerts, forecasts, and county-specific data.

Know your region

What you prepare for depends on where in Tennessee you live.

Middle Tennessee

Nashville, Murfreesboro, Cookeville, the Cumberland Plateau. The March 2020 Nashville tornado (EF3) struck at 1 a.m., killing 25. The 2010 Nashville flood caused $2 billion in damage. Severe storms track through the Cumberland Basin from March through June.

Primary hazards: tornadoes, flooding, severe storms, ice storms

East Tennessee

Knoxville, Chattanooga, the Smoky Mountains, Johnson City. The 2021 Waverly flood killed 20 when 17 inches of rain fell in 24 hours. Mountain flash floods develop with terrifying speed. Hurricane Helene (2024) caused devastating flooding in the eastern mountains.

Primary hazards: flash flooding, winter storms, severe storms, tropical remnants

West Tennessee

Memphis, Jackson, the Mississippi River corridor. The New Madrid Seismic Zone runs directly beneath Memphis. West Tennessee is Dixie Alley for tornadoes. The Mississippi River floods regularly. Memphis faces earthquake, tornado, and flood risk simultaneously.

Primary hazards: earthquakes, tornadoes, flooding, severe storms, heat

Your hazard profile

5 hazards that apply to Tennessee.

Each links to a full guide with during-event protocol, recovery steps, and resources specific to TN.

Tennessee resources

The agencies and programs that cover your state.

March 3, 2020

Nashville woke up to sirens.

At 12:32 a.m. on March 3, 2020, an EF3 tornado touched down in Nashville. It cut across North Nashville, East Nashville, and the Donelson neighborhood, then continued east to Cookeville where an EF4 killed 19 more people. In Nashville, 6 people died. Most were asleep when the tornado struck.

The warnings were issued. The sirens sounded. But at 1 a.m., many people were asleep with their phones on silent. Outdoor sirens are not designed to wake people inside sealed homes. The only reliable alert at that hour is a NOAA weather radio set to alarm mode on your nightstand.

For every Tennessee household, the Nashville tornado made one thing clear: nighttime tornadoes are not rare here. They are part of the Dixie Alley pattern. A weather radio that wakes you up is the difference between hearing the warning and not hearing it. That single device is the most important piece of preparedness equipment in the state.

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